Comprehensive Plans
ANNEX I: HURRICANES
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Evacuation
The safe evacuation of threatened populations when endangered by a major catastrophic event is one of the principle reasons for developing a Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan.
The thorough identification of at-risk populations, transportation and sheltering resources […] and the establishment of the management team that will coordinate not only the evacuation but which will monitor and direct the sheltering and return of affected populations, are the primary tasks of evacuation planning.
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Conduct of an actual evacuation will be the responsibility of the Mayor of New Orleans in coordination with the Director of the Office of Emergency Preparedness, and the OEP Shelter Coordinator.
The timely issuance of evacuation orders critically impacts upon the successful evacuation of all citizens from high-risk areas. In determining the proper time to issue evacuation orders, there is no substitute for human judgement based upon all known circumstances surrounding local conditions and storm characteristics.
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The City of New Orleans will utilize all available resources to quickly and safely evacuate threatened areas. Those evacuated will be directed to temporary sheltering and feeding facilities as needed. When specific routes of progress are required, evacuees will be directed to those routes. Special arrangements will be made to evacuate persons unable to transport themselves or who require specific life saving assistance. Additional personnel will be recruited to assist in evacuation procedures as needed.
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B. Issuance of Evacuation Orders
The person responsible for recognition of hurricane related preparation needs and for the issuance of an evacuation order is the Mayor of the City of New Orleans. Concerning preparation needs and the issuance of an evacuation order, The Office of Emergency Preparedness should keep the Mayor advised.
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[The] City of New Orleans has established a maximum acceptable hurricane evacuation time standard for a Category 3 storm event of 72 hours. This is based on clearance time or is the time required to clear all vehicles evacuating in response to a hurricane situation from area roadways.
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Evacuation notices or orders will be issued during three stages prior to gale force winds making landfall.
> Precautionary Evacuation Notice: 72 hours or less
> Special Needs Evacuation Order: 8-12 hours after Precautionary Evacuation Notice issued
> General Evacuation Notice: 48 hours or less
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The evacuation must be completed before the arrival of gale force winds. Evacuation should also start when school is not in session and when there is at least eight (8) hours of daylight included in the evacuation time allowed.
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V. TASKS
A. Mayor
- Initiate the evacuation.
- Retain overall control of all evacuation procedures via EOC operations.
- Authorize return to evacuated areas.
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D. Regional Transit Authority
- Supply transportation as needed in accordance with the current Standard Operating Procedures.
- Place special vehicles on alert to be utilized if needed.
- Position supervisors and dispatch evacuation buses.
- If warranted by scope of evacuation, implement additional service.
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Shelter demand is currently under review by the Shelter Coordinator. Approximately 100,000 Citizens of New Orleans do not have means of personal transportation. Shelter assessment is an ongoing project of the Office of Emergency Preparedness through the Shelter Coordinator.
[…] In the event that shelters are opened, people who go to their nearest listed location may find, for one reason or another, that the facility is not open as a shelter, forcing them to seek an alternate location.
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1. The Mayor is responsible for preparations and for execution of the Hurricane emergency plan.
2. The Regional Transit Authority was tasked with supplying and dispatching evacuation buses.
3. The Orleans Parish School Board was involved in the emergency plan to provide stageing locations and shelters. No mention of buses.
4. The Transit Authority was tasked with implementation of additional services if needed; where school buses and other vehicles in the inventiory of available assetts?
5. The need for transportation was quantified by some means: the estimate was 100,000 lacking personal transportation.
6. The plan provided the specific guideline: mandatory evacuation 48 hours before the hurricane makes landfall.
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The Evacuation Driving Time Formula was posted on the evacuation route map: multiply regular driving time x 4.
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Assuming 500 buses had been dispatched with around 48 hours notice, and the destinations were at least 5 hours away, and a continuous stream of buses had been on the road, the plan could have allowed for 3 or 4 trips per bus. That would be about 1500 bus loads x 50 people or a rough capacity to move 75,000 people from danger to safer ground. Back of envelope.
Does that align with other evacuations that were done successfully along the coast?